bloomberg and new york finished the year with 418 murders the lowest number in any year since reliable records were kept beginning in 1963. now, washington, d.c., a place once so plagued with killings. people used to say d.c. stood for "dodge city" recorded just 88 homicide last year according to the metro police department so would what we've seen over the last 20 years is a remarkable in the crime nationwide including many big cities but persistly high levels of violence in impoverished communities and some extremely-worrying localized upticks in last year. the divergence between chicago and new york gets us to examine crime and what causes it to go down. i have keith suber, he mentors troubled yoult and gang members in brooklyn. he's a former member of the crypts gang and served ten years in prison. and the professor and codirector of the university of chicago crime lab. great to have you both here. let's start on the criminalology side with you, harrold. what's going on in chicago somethat's the first thing to ask. it's getting national attention. monica davey had a great piece in